Retired Auxiliary Bishop Samuel Guo Chuanzhen of Jinan, a Franciscan who established a major seminary, died of a heart attack yesterday at the age of 94. Bishop Guo lived in seclusion at the Immaculate Conception Church, the former cathedral, after suffering several strokes since the late 1990s. Zhang Jian, editor of the diocesan monthly bulletin Guanghua, said Bishop Guo and other elderly clerics were models of “fidelity to the Catholic faith despite the difficult years of the Cultural Revolution.” Bishop Joseph Zhang Xianwang said: “Bishop Guo made great contributions to the Shandong Church.” Bishop Guo was ordained auxiliary bishop in 1988 without papal mandate but later regained communion with Rome. His funeral is to be held tomorrow at Hongjialou Cathedral in his home town of Jinan City.